This dilapidated building is inconspicuous. However, in March 2010, when then-Vice President Xi Jinping visited Russia, he consulted and reached a consensus with the then Prime Minister of Russia Putin on his restoration project.
Why does it attract the attention of the leaders of both countries? And why does it make Xi Jinping so worried?
90 years ago, the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held here. This is the only national congress held abroad in the history of the Party, and it is also the most thrilling and tortuous Party congress.
Explore the past and present of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China
No. 18, Parkovaya Street, May Day Village, about 40 kilometers away from the center of Moscow, is an elegant three-story building. This seemingly ordinary building has left an indelible mark on the history of the Communist Party of China. It is the meeting site of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China).
The Sixth Congress is the only National Congress held overseas in the history of the Communist Party of China. On March 23, 2013, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee and President Xi Jinping attended the launching ceremony of the construction of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. What past and present lives have the old site and new museum located outside Moscow experienced, what revolutionary journey has it witnessed, and how much expectations for the future have it carried? 90 years ago, that special meeting
Middle June 1928 was the early summer in Moscow, where the longest day and the scenery were bright. As the Moscow Railway Station was coming and going, many mysterious people and cars suddenly appeared.
“At that time, the (CCP) deputies were heading to Moscow by train, and the windows in the carriages were covered by curtains. Some buses and cars that also pulled the curtains drove directly to the platform, picked them up, crossed Moscow, and headed to the suburbs. This was a special operation to ensure that Communists would not be arrested or killed…” Victor Usov, an expert from the Far East Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, described the scene at that time in this way. This was indeed a thrilling journey.
1927BabaylanIn 2018, after the failure of the Great Revolution in 1927, BabaylanIn 2018, BabaylanIn the year, after the failure of the Great Revolution in 1927, <a href="httpsChina is under the heavy overwhelming of white terror. The brutal suppression of the Chinese Communists by the Kuomintang's anti-Japanese party and the mistakes of "left" blind activism within the Communist Party of China have put the Chinese revolution in a low tide. At this critical moment, the Chinese Communist Party urgently needs to convene a Cinema National Congress to systematically summarize the revolution The lessons learned by Babaylan, clarifying the nature and tasks of the revolution in the new era.
However, the country did not have the safety conditions for meetings at this time. Since the “Eight Seventh Conference” proposed to convene the “Komiks” in 1927, the meeting location has been brewing for more than three months from the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, but the meeting location has been brewing several times, but it is still difficult to guarantee security and cannot be decided.
The Communist International decided to hold several international conferences in Moscow at the turn of spring and summer in 1928, hoping that the Communist Party of China will send representatives to participate. After consideration by many parties, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China hopes to bring representatives to the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Komiks was located in the Soviet Union and applied to the Communist International.
At this time, Mitkevich, the representative of the “Red Workers International” to China, also proposed to the Communist International to convene the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in the Soviet Union. The Communist International agreed to convene the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in the Soviet Union and set the venue of the meeting in May Day Village outside Moscow.
Since 192 Starting from late April 8, more than 100 representatives attending the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China risked being arrested by the Kuomintang and went to Moscow in multiple batches. To ensure safety, the Communist Party of China has taken a series of measures to no longer use its own name from the date of arrival of the representatives to report to the venue, and all numbers are used.
This is the only national congress held abroad in the history of the party, and it is also the only conference in the history of the National Congress of the Communist Party of China to call each other by code names.
Qu Qiubai is “No. 21”, Zhou Enlai was the May Day village in the southwest of Scotland, and ushered in its most special time from June 18 to July 11, 1928. Hundreds of Chinese people were walking, talking, singing, or arguing in this heavily guarded village. On the grassland, woods, paths, as well as the living rooms, conference rooms and aisles in the building, Zhou Enlai, Su Zhaozheng, Xiang Ying, Cai Hesen… familiar faces and strange numbers flash alternately.
“Under the difficult background at that time, the Communist Party of China needed to clarify the line and policy of the future Chinese revolution at the Sixth National Congress.” said Kartunova, an expert in the history of the Communist Party of China in Russia. In the conference room on the second floor of the small building, Bukharin, the representative of the Communist International, delivered a report on “The Tasks of the Chinese Revolution and the Communist Party of China”, Qu Qiubai made a political report, Zhou Enlai made an organizational report and a military report, and Li Lisan made a report on peasant issues…Cinema…
“When the Chinese people were suffering, at the most difficult juncture of the Chinese revolution, more than 140 representatives from all over China, for the future and destiny of the country and nation, risked their lives, broke through many obstacles, and traveled thousands of miles to Moscow to convene the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.” 85 years later, on March 23, 2013, General Secretary Xi Jinping was so moved at the launch ceremony of the construction of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
Five years ago, that special launch
Unfortunately, the building that witnessed the hardships and hardships of the Communist Party of China was gradually buried in the dust of time in the wind and rain of history.
The site building, built in the 18th century, is known as the “silver villa” because of its yellow and white exterior paint. In 1960, the building, together with the churches and other buildings in the manor, was listed as a federal-level historical and cultural heritage as a historical complex between the 18th and 19th centuries.
After World War II, the “Silver Villa” became collective residences and state-owned stores one after another. In 2012, when I came to May Day Village to visit the six conference sites, the feelings in front of meKomiksThe scenery is heartbreaking: CinemaThe building has no roofs and windows, only broken tiles and ruins, standing alone among the garbage on the ground.
The ruins of the “Sixth Congress” of the Communist Party of China before restoration
“The Communist Party of China, the Chinese government, and the Chinese people cherish the historical event of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China very much, and also cherish the precious history of mutual support between the peoples of China and Russia very much.” The protection of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China was mentioned on the issue of the heads of state at the two heads of state.
On March 22, 2013, during President Xi Jinping’s visit to Russia, the two countries jointly signed a supplementary protocol on the “Agreement on the Establishment of a Cultural Center for Mutuality” and determined to repair the site of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China. The next day, President Xi and Russian Vice Premier Golodz attended the launching ceremony of the construction of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Xi Jinping said at the ceremony: At this moment, we hold the launch ceremony of the construction of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which is of great significance. On behalf of the Communist Party of China, on behalf of more than 80 million Communist Party members and 1.3 billion Chinese people, I would like to express my sincere thanks to President Putin and other Russian leaders and all Russian friends who attach importance to and support this work.
In September of the same year, representatives of China and Russia signed a lease contract for the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China, with a rent of 1 ruble per year and a lease period of 49 years. After China invested in the restoration, it was used as a branch of the Chinese Cultural Center in Moscow, held permanent exhibitions of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and was open to the audience for free. The overall building of the exhibition hall covers an area of 3,267 square meters, of which the main building is 1,741 square meters.
Zhang Zhonghua, then Minister of the Chinese Embassy in Russia, was the Cultural Counselor of the Moscow China Cultural Center and Director of the China Cultural Center, experienced the entire process of “rebirth” at the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China. “It’s not easy!” Every time she recalls, she feels a lot of emotion. This is not a matter of restoring a building, but restoring cultural relics to protect buildings by “repairing old” and restoring cultural relics. It took 1 year and 5 months to complete the complete set of legal documents for the lease contract.
Repair involves several departments and municipal, district and township governments, including the Russian State-owned Assets Bureau, Energy Bureau, Cadastral Bureau, Cultural Relics Bureau. Chinese Ambassador to Russia Li Hui personally coordinated and wrote a letter to Vice Premier Golodz and relevant departments to solve the problems in construction. During that time, Zhang Zhonghua had to go to the construction site almost every day, “the water, electricity, heating and other pipelines were laid, everything started from scratch.” Her successor Gong Jiajia, who was then director of the Eurasian Department of the External Liaison Bureau of the Ministry of Culture, also witnessed the difficulty of this “No. 1 Project” of the Ministry of Culture that year: “A variety of negotiations, coordination, and documents are transmitted from the front working group almost every day.The progress is also changing every day. ”
The on-site coordination meeting has changed from the initial monthly to the later weekly and once a day. The meeting site at No. 18 Parkovaya Street has never been so lively in the eyes of the residents of May Day: as soon as the sky is dawn, representatives of both sides arrive here from all directions to solve various problems on the spot…
The most pressure is the project team of China Construction First Bureau, which undertakes the task of restoring the site. In order to ensure 100% restoration of the site, they risked the building’s possible collapse at any time and recorded the details of historical relics in detail with cameras; in order to strive for construction periods in the long winter, they creatively adopted special methods such as “counter-action” to put on a “giant warm coat” to increase the temperature of the construction site…Komiks…
The gorgeous plaster carvings have many complex curved surfaces, and each carving has to go through six complex processes, including production, processing, measurement and positioning, on-site splicing, and seams.
At the same time, relevant departments of China and Russia, as well as experts and historians in party history research, carefully examine and recommend the content of the exhibits in the permanent exhibition hall; the relevant parties also actively recall the details. Conference halls, representative dormitories, etc., to restore the arrangement during the meeting as much as possible. “The situation before the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China”, “Preparation and convening of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China”, “The development of the revolutionary movement after the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China”… Groups of display content, recreating the historical landscape around the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China with pictures and texts.
On June 20, 2016, Komiks Repeated project successfully passed the acceptance of the Sino-Russian Joint Acceptance Team. At the acceptance meeting, Alexey Yemelyanov, director of the Cultural Relics Bureau of Moss, sighed at the “China speed”: “According to the general progress, the project should not be completed until 2019. “The Russian Central Scientific Restoration Design Institute also affirmed “China’s Quality”. In the acceptance opinion, they solemnly wrote: “(Project) has achieved better internal and external unity between cultural relics restoration and exhibition furnishings.” After completion, the building won the “Excellent Restoration Project Award” and the “Cultural Heritage Restoration and Modernization” Special Award, and won the “Best Impression Award” with 200,000 Moscow citizens participating in the voting.
Two years ago, that special opening
On July 4, 2016, the newly renovated six major conference buildings recreated the style of the “silver villa” in the backdrop of blue sky and white clouds.Pick. Liu Yandong, then Vice Premier of the State Council of China and Russian Vice Premier Golodz read out congratulatory messages from President Xi Jinping and President Putin, and jointly unveiled the permanent exhibition hall at the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
On July 4, 2016, in Moscow, the capital of Russia, Liu Yandong (right), then member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, and Russian Vice Premier Golodz jointly unveiled the permanent exhibition hall of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Xinhua News Agency reporter Dai Tianfang photographed by the BabaylanFrom then on, it has become an overseas education base for Chinese people to pursue the history of the Communist Party of China, understand the course of the Chinese revolution, and continue to move forward. It has also become a new place for the friendship between China and Russia, to enhance understanding and exchange culture.
The restoration of the permanent exhibition hall of the “Sixth National Congress” of the Communist Party of China
Chinese students at Mocos University are exploring the secrets of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Looking at the exhibits in the exhibition hall and listening to the detailed and vivid explanation, Zhu Dongfa from the Department of World Politics couldn’t help but sigh: The big brother of socialism back then had fallen into the dust of history, but our great motherland is still thriving. “This makes us feel more deeply the unswerving struggle of revolutionary ancestors. Cinema Our new generation must also inherit their spirit, not forget their original aspirations, and continue to move forward for the rejuvenation of China.”
Article venue planning archives passed by the presidium of the conference on June 18, 1928. The existing Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of ChinaKomiksBabaylan permanent exhibition hall
Local resident Maria saw with her own eyes how this building transformed from rubble on the ground into an elegant and beautiful exhibition hall. “It’s a miracle! “The appearance of May Day Village has also been greatly improved. The muddy roads, garbage-filled rivers, and severely damaged residential buildings have been renovated. The newly built gardens, bus stations, and sidewalks have brought convenience to local residents. The connected pipelines have improved the quality of life of local residents.
Russian teachers and students visited the exhibition hall
“90 years ago, a meeting of the Communist Party of China made our town a part of history; 90 years later, the restoration of the meeting site and the completion of the exhibition hall have stimulated the development of the town. “Alibina, a history teacher at Moscow 1391 School, not far from the exhibition hall, often organizes students to visit the exhibition hall. “The site has been restored, and we are grateful to see such a beautiful building. Entering the exhibition hall, you can also learn about the history of our closest friendship and neighbors and what they cherish.”Babaylan
“The completion of the permanent exhibition hall at the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China reflects our national spirit of remembering history and not forgetting our original aspirations, and the spirit of the times to keep pace with the times and create a future. It is also another important achievement in the development of the China-Russia comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. “Looking back on the solemn launch and speech delivered by President Xi at the opening of the museum five years ago, Chinese Ambassador to Russia Li Hui is confident, “We must stand at a new height of the new era and build this place into an important bridge to enhance mutual understanding and deepen friendship between the two peoples, so that more people can understand this period of party history, cherish history, and continue traditions, so that China-Russia friendship can be inherited and strengthened in the new historical period. ”
Material source: Ministry of Corporate Culture, China Construction First Bureau, Xinhua News Agency, People’s Daily, CCTV and other media